Biochemical response and RAPD DNA Profile in Lanistes carinatus from the River Nile, Aswan, Egypt as bioindicator of Heavy metals contamination

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Abstract Toxicity with heavy metals is the most common sort of pollution, causing harm to aquatic species, plants, and humans. In this study, lead (Pb), zinc (Zn), iron (Fe), and manganese (Mn), were studied in water, sediment, and soft tissue of Lanistes carinatus during field investigations and laboratory tests to determine contamination and toxicity. The snail was taken from two sites, site 1(near the Edfu Bridge), site 2 (Beside ferrosilicon factory), along the Nile River in Edfu, Aswan government, Egypt. We found that site 2 was more contaminated than site 1. The median lethal concentration (LC50) of 96 hours exposure for Pb, Zn, Fe and Mn on Lanistes carinatus were 12.7 mg/l, 20.6 mg/l, 95.2 mg/l, 73.6 mg/l. According to bioaccumulation factor (BWAF) data heavy metal uptake by Lanistes carinatus samples followed order Pb > Mn > Fe > Zn. This study looked at lipid peroxidation (LPO) as an oxidative stress marker, and antioxidant enzymes including superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione-S-transferase (GST), and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) in response to heavy metal accumulation. By comparing (LPO) activity we found that higher level of LPO activity in (Pb) treated group in site 2 than site 1, and the treated group of (Pb) had lower activity in (GPx), (GST), and (SOD)enzymes, but (CAT) enzyme was less activity in the treated group of (Zn). We investigated genetic differentiation and the impact of heavy metal pollution on the genetic structure of Lanistes carinatus using the random amplified polymorphic DNA-polymerase chain reaction (RAPD-PCR) technique.

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