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Editorial: Epigenetics of infectious diseases

Article scientifique 2022 Anglais

Résumé

The role of epigenetics in infectious diseasesHost genetics contribute to variations in the acquisition, disease manifestation, and outcomes of pathogenic infections across individuals.One of the factors influencing the variability in infection and pathogenesis is epigenetics.Epigenetic factors such as DNA methylation, histone modifications, and non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) are instrumental in host-pathogen interactions.These factors regulate pathogen and host genes without altering their genetic sequences.For instance, viruses may modify host-specific histones to make the host genome more accessible for viral replication.In contrast, the host may silence the integrated viral genome through DNA methylation, inhibiting viral replication.Thus, the series of contributions gathered in this Research Topic explores intriguing epigenetic factors that influence host-pathogen interactions.This research will drive our understanding of the role of epigenetics in immunology, pathogenesis, and possible clinical intervention of infectious diseases.Pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMP) from bacteria, fungi, viruses, and protozoa may alter the epigenetic landscape of host immune cells involved in pathogen recognition.Ramendra et al. (2021) demonstrate that the potent fungal PAMP, 1,3-b-dglucan (BDG), alters monocyte chromatin accessibility and epigenetic landscape.The changes in histone modifications in monocytes match the accessibility of the chromatin on a global scale.The changes in the epigenetic landscape prompts glutathione synthesis and metabolism, which promotes the acute functional response of monocytes to infections.The hepatitis B viral HBx protein can dysregulate host microRNA (miRNA) profiles which, in turn, modulates its viral load and enhances persistence.Sartorius et al. (2021) reviews the literature on the influence HBx has on the host and viral epigenome.The authors further attempt to link HBx dysregulated epigenetic pathways in hepatitis B virus-induced hepatocellular carcinomas.

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Kulkarni, S., Arumugam, T., Chuturgoon, A., An, P., Ramsuran, V. (2022). Editorial: Epigenetics of infectious diseases. https://doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2022.1054151

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Auteur(s)

Smita Kulkarni Thilona Arumugam Anil A. Chuturgoon Ping An Veron Ramsuran

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