Effect of Ethanol Administration on Cadmium and Magnesium Retention in Liver, Kidney and Heart of Rats.

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Abstract There was a health challenge in our study area with no known etiology which affected mostly alcoholics. Water quality assessment in the area, indicated that it is contaminated with cadmium and had high magnesium content. The aim of this work, therefore, was to mimic the co-administration of cadmium and magnesium with graded concentrations of alcohol using a rat model to assess the retention of cadmium in the liver, kidney and heart, in order to give a plausible explanation on the cause(s) of this health challenge. To achieve this aim, rats were randomly divided into eight groups of 4 rats per group in metabolic cages. Group 1 served as normal control and fed with animal Feed and Water only. Group 2 was treated with feed and 6% Alcohol only (Test control). Group 3 to 8 were treated with the combination of cadmium and magnesium and graded concentrations of alcohol (aq). Treatment was done for a period of 21 days, after which the rats were sacrificed, and the assessment of the accumulation of these metals in tissues and their excretion in urine were performed by means of dry mineralization method of Zmudzki (1977) and spectrophotometry. The results revealed that ethanol consumption increases the excretion of magnesium in the urine and increases cadmium uptake in these tissues. This means that alcoholics have higher risk of kidney, liver and heart diseases caused by cadmium toxicity in areas where the water source is polluted with cadmium as it is the case with our study area.

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