Etiology, patterns and short-term outcomes of lower urinary tract trauma in males admitted at Mbarara Regional Referral Hospital, Uganda

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Abstract Background: Trauma poses a major public health challenge in Africa. This study was conducted to establish the etiology, patterns and short-term outcomes of patients with lower urinary tract trauma in males admitted at Mbarara Regional Referral Hospital Methods: This was a hospital based prospective cohort study done on participants with lower urinary tract trauma admitted at Mbarara Regional Referral Hospital for a period of eight months from December 2022 to July 2023. Results: A total of thirty-nine (38) male participants were consecutively selected and enrolled into the study. The over all median age was 25, interquartile range (5-37) years. A total of 50 lower urinary tract injuries were recorded. Urethra was the most injured organ at 70% (n=35). Injuries due to motor vehicle crush was the commonest cause of trauma at 52% (n=26). Urethral complete tear was the most common urethra injury pattern at 62.9% (n=22) while bladder contusion was the commonest bladder injury pattern at 60% (n=9). Anterior urethra was the most injured part at 60.0% (n=21). Overall complication stood at 57.9% (n=22) with urethral bleeding being the commonest at 36.8 % (n=14). Most patients stayed in the hospital longer than one week 65.8% (n=25). Mortality was 5.3% (n=2). Conclusion: Motor vehicle crush is the leading cause of lower urinary tract trauma in males; urethra is the most injured organ and urethra bleeding is the commonest complication following treatment. Overall mortality is low.

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