Effects of variety, spacing, and amendment on the growth and yield of rice (Oryza sativa L.) in the Northern Region of Ghana

Résumé

This study aimed to evaluate the effects of rice variety, plant spacing, and soil amendment on the growth and yield of rice in northern Ghana. A field experiment was conducted during the 2022 cropping season using a 5 × 2 × 4 factorial arrangement laid out in a randomized complete block design (RCBD). The treatments consisted of five rice varieties (V1 = Agra, V2 = Gbewaa, V3 = Digang, V4 = Mandii, and V5 = Moses), two spacing levels (S1 = 20 cm × 20 cm and S2 = 25 cm × 25 cm), and four soil amendment treatments (basal application of chemical fertilizer [BCF], foliar fertilizer [FF], half-recommended rate of chemical fertilizer and organic fertilizer [HRCFOF], and the recommended rate of chemical fertilizer [RCF]). The results showed significant interactions among variety, spacing, and soil amendment. The highest leaf area index (5.93) was recorded under the V1S2RCF treatment. The highest effective tiller numbers per plant were observed in V2S2RCF (20.78), V1S1RCF (18.6i7), V4S2BCF (15.94), V1S2RCF (15.64), and V2S1RCF (15.33). Grain yield was highest in treatments V4S1RCF, V1S2RCF, V2S1RCF, and V2S1HRCFOF. The results revealed that the integrated management of genotype, plant density, and nutrient source is essential for enhancing climate-resilient rice production in the Guinea Savannah zone.

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