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Health-related quality of life in COVID-19 patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis of EQ-5D studies

Article scientifique 2025 Anglais

Résumé

Abstract Background COVID-19 has affected millions globally, with a significant proportion experiencing long-COVID and impaired health-related quality of life (HRQoL). This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to synthesize the existing literature on HRQoL in COVID-19 patients. Methods We conducted a systematic search of PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, Scopus, and the Cochrane Library for studies published between December 2019 and March 2025. Eligible studies were peer-reviewed and assessed HRQoL in COVID-19 patients using the EQ-5D instrument. Study quality and risk of bias were evaluated using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. Pooled health utility values were estimated using a random-effects model, and heterogeneity was assessed via I 2 statistics. Predictors of poor HRQoL were qualitatively narrated. Results Out of 3539 references, 187 studies with 116,525 participants were analyzed. The majority (80.2%) used the EQ-5D-5 L version. The pooled mean EQ-5D utility score was 0.76 (95% CI 0.74–0.79, I 2 = 99.9%) while the mean EQ-5D Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) score was 70.76 (95% CI 68.48–73.04; I 2 = 99.7%). Pain/discomfort and anxiety/depression were the most affected domains, reported by 51% and 46% of patients, respectively. Subgroup analysis showed significant differences in HRQoL based on national income status ( p = 0.038) and geographic region ( p < 0.001). Common predictors of lower HRQoL included older age, female gender, disease severity, comorbidities, and post-COVID-19 symptoms. Conclusion This systematic review demonstrates a substantial reduction in HRQoL among COVID-19 patients compared to the general population. The pooled utility values of COVID-19 contribute to understanding patients’ HRQoL and can assist in calculating Quality-Adjusted Life Years. This provides essential data for future economic evaluations and informs health policy decisions.

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Gidey, K., Niriayo, Y., Asgedom, S., Lubetkin, E. (2025). Health-related quality of life in COVID-19 patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis of EQ-5D studies. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12955-025-02421-8

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Auteur(s)

Kidu Gidey Yirga Legesse Niriayo Solomon Weldegebreal Asgedom Erica Ilene Lubetkin

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