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Novel Strains of Culex Flavivirus and Hubei Chryso-Like Virus 1 From the Anopheles Costai in Western Kenya

Article scientifique 2021 Anglais

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Abstract Background The continued development of advanced molecular tools, for instance DNA barcoding for identification of species and improvements of sequencing technologies is something that we have utilized in our vector surveillance research in order to discover viruses, both novel and already known viruses. MethodsMosquitoes (n=251) were captured using BG sentinel traps in May and July 2019 in Busia County, western Kenya. The mosquitoes were homogenized and screened in pools of ten (10) for presence of mosquito-borne viruses using virus isolation, PCR, and sequencing methods. ResultsNineteen (19) mosquitoes generated results that indicated presence of a flavivirus. Barcoding of those positive mosquitoes revealed Aedes aegypti (1), Mansonia uniformis (6), Anopheles costai (3), Culex pipiens (5), Culex spp (1), Coquilletidia metallica (2) and Culex quinquefasciatus (1). By using an NGS target enrichment protocol specific for viruses, known as the Twist Comprehensive Viral Research Panel (CVRP) (Twist Biosciences), complete genome sequences of two viruses were identified. One was the single-stranded RNA Culex flavivirus, encoding a polyprotein, and the other was double-stranded RNA Hubei chryso-like virus 1. Both viruses were found in the same Anopheles costai mosquito and the homogenate showed cytopathogenic effect in both Vero B4 and C6/36 cells. Phylogenetic analyses suggest that the Culex flavivirus was closely related to a Culex flavivirus isolated from Uganda in 2008. All four Hubei chryso-like virus 1 segments clustered closely to the virus strains isolated from Culex australicus in Australia in 2015. ConclusionsThe detection of both viruses in a single mosquito indicates coinfection. The study findings shift our focus not only to pathogenic mosquito-borne viruses, but also to insect-specific viruses and other novel viruses and their role in the virus transmission cycle.

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Lwande, O., Näslund, J., Sjödin, A., Lantto, R., Luande, V., Bucht, G., Ahlm, C., Agwanda, B., Obanda, V., Evander, M. (2021). Novel Strains of Culex Flavivirus and Hubei Chryso-Like Virus 1 From the Anopheles Costai in Western Kenya. https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-965111/v1

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Auteur(s)

Olivia Wesula Lwande Jonas Näslund Andreas Sjödin Rebecca Lantto Verah Nafula Luande Göran Bucht Clas Ahlm Bernard Agwanda Vincent Obanda Magnus Evander

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