Evaluation of the practice of antibiotic prophylaxis in a surgical setting in Mbujimayi, Democratic Republic of the Congo

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Abstract Background: Antibiotic prophylaxis is helpful to prevent patients from developping surgical site infections. In Mbujimayi, the issue is not documented at all. The known study on the subject was conducted more than five years ago. This study aims to assess the compliance of the practice of antibiotic prophylaxis in the surgery and gyneco-obstetrics departments of the Bonzola General Reference Hospital compared to the international standard.Methods: We conducted a prospective observational study from March 2020 to March 2021 of operated patients who had been subjected to antibiotic prophylaxis.Results: Three hundred and twenty-four patients were selected for this study. Compliance for each of the criteria was 87.35% for the indication ; 0.31% for the choice of molecule ; 3.65% for the time of the first administration ; nil for the duration of antibiotic prophylaxis. So overall compliance was nil.This study shows a significant gap between the recommendations of international societies and the actual practice in Mbujimayi. It is therefore necessary to conduct further studies to identify the determinants in order to reverse the trend.Conclusion: Compliance of the practice of antibiotic prophylaxis in Mbujimayi is zero. It is therefore important to take steps to improve antibiotic prophylaxis practice to maximize harms for the benefits of patients and practitioners.

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