Unraveling the Preventive and Therapeutic Roles of Costus Afer in Oxidative Stress Management in Acetaminophen-poisoned Rats

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Abstract The goal of this study was to evaluate the prophylatic and therapeutic role of Costus afer in managing oxidative stress markers in acetaminophen poisoning in rats. The rats were similarly isolated into two groups; pre-treatment groug and post-treatment group with each group having 5 sub-groups (negative control (NC), positive control (PC), A, B and C) of 5 rats each. NC had not received any treatment; PC was treated with 800mg/kg of acetaminophen; A was treated with 200mg/kg of Costus afer; B was treated with 400mg/kg of Costus afer; C was treated with 800mg/kg of Costus afer. The PC was administered distilled water for 28 days before being induced with acetaminophen in the pre-treatment group, and “A,” “B,” and “C” were treated with Costus afer for 28 days before being induced with acetaminophen in the pre-treatment group. In the post-treatment group, the PC was induced with acetaminophen before commencing on 28 days administration of distilled water, and “A,” “B,” and C“ were poisoned with acetaminophen before being treated with Costus afer. After the treatment period, the rats were sacrificed and blood samples were collected for oxidative stress marker assessment. The results showed that while there was no significant difference in oxidative stress markers levels between NC and the test groups (A, B and C) in the pre-treatment group, there was a significant improvement in superoxide dismutase (SOD) in subgroup A and B. In the post-treatment group, there was no significant difference in the level of total antioxidant capacity (TAC) between NC and test groups (A, B and C), and there were improvements in SOD level and malondialdehide (MDA) level. This study has shown that Costus afer prevents and therapeutically manages oxidative stress markers in acetaminophen poisoning in rats.

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