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Deciphering the genomic signatures of climate vulnerability across 77 sheep breeds

Article scientifique 2026 Anglais

Résumé

Abstract Among domesticated species, sheep ( Ovis aries ) have achieved a wide geographic distribution due to their mobility, rusticity and ability to adapt to diverse environments and climatic conditions. Here, we characterise the genome-wide diversity of >1,000 sheep representing 77 autochthonous breeds spanning North Africa to Scandinavia using high-density genotype data. To provide a large-scale assessment of population vulnerability to climate change, we combine uni- and multivariate gene-environment association analyses, and quantify the deviation of the current genomic make-up of populations from that necessary for maintaining adaptation under climate change (genomic offset). We identify precipitation as a major driver of divergent selection and identify candidate adaptive loci overlapping genes with pleiotropic roles linking renal water balance and metabolic regulation, including glucose and insulin-related pathways. This coupling of osmoregulatory and metabolic functions likely underpins adaptation to variable drought regimes and extreme, fluctuating environments. Notably, genomic offset hot spots are identified in southwestern Europe, highlighting the need for targeted management to mitigate the effects of climate change on animal welfare and production in these regions. These findings shed light on the strategies for climate adaptation in sheep and provide insights for informed breeding programmes aimed at enhancing resilience in changing climate conditions.

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Barbato, M., Vajana, E., Selmoni, O., Somenzi, E., Williams, J., Cortés, O., Gama, L., Teixeira, A., Orozco‐terWengel, P., Méndez, M., Schurink, A., WINDIG, J., Hiemstra, S., Groeneveld, L., Mészáros, G., Rannamäe, E., Saarma, U., Ärmpalu-Idvand, A., Johansson, A., Crepaldi, P., Carta, A., Sechi, T., Benjelloun, B., Tosser‐Klopp, G., Servin, B., Tixier-Boichard, M., Joost, S., Lazzari, B., Stella, A., Colli, L., Blesbois, É., Bernard, M., Boitard, S., Verrier, E., Doré, A., Moreno, C., Navès, M., Laloe, D., Paris, C., Elbeltagy, A., Casanova, C., Martínez, R., Kuyululu, Ç., Brinker, T., Clarke, L., Harrison, P., Fan, J., Flicek, P., Hoffmann, I., Boettcher, P., Baumung, R., Weigend, S., Simianer, H., Liptói, K., Pizzi, F., Barna, J., Carpusca, I., Danchin, C., Duclos, D., Chentouf, M., Ibnelbachyr, M., Lionboui, H., Moreno, J., Esteso, M., Galarza, D., Melucci, L., Lanari, M., Preisinger, R., Pintado, D., Berg, P., Cozzi, P., Groeneveld, E., Caprera, A., Kugler, W., Moran, D., Ahmadi, B., Woelders, H., Doekes, H., Martyniuk, E., Canon, J., Dunner, S., Amaral, A., Ajmone‐Marsan, P., Sölkner, J., Berger, B., Wurzinger, M., Mcgrew, M., Megens, H., Groenen, M., Crooijmans, R. (2026). Deciphering the genomic signatures of climate vulnerability across 77 sheep breeds. https://doi.org/10.1038/s42003-026-10917-2

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Auteur(s)

Mario Barbato Elia Vajana Oliver M. Selmoni Elisa Somenzi John Lewis Williams O. Cortés L.T. Gama Adrielli de Carvalho Teixeira Pablo Orozco‐terWengel Maria Trinidad Pérez Méndez Anouk Schurink JACK J. WINDIG Sipke-Joost Hiemstra Linn F. Groeneveld Gábor Mészáros Eve Rannamäe Urmas Saarma Anneli Ärmpalu-Idvand Anna M. Johansson Paola Crepaldi A. Carta Tiziana Sechi Badr Benjelloun Gwenola Tosser‐Klopp Bertrand Servin Michèle Tixier-Boichard Stéphane Joost Barbara Lazzari Alessandra Stella Licia Colli Élisabeth Blesbois Maria Bernard Simon Boitard E. Verrier Antoine Doré Carole Moreno Michel Navès Denis Laloe Cyriel Paris Ahmed Elbeltagy Carlos Edmundo Lucero Casanova Rodrigo Martínez Çağla Yüksel Kaya Kuyululu Tessa Brinker Laura Clarke Peter Harrison Jun Fan Paul Flicek Irene Hoffmann Paul Boettcher Roswitha Baumung Steffen Weigend Henner Simianer Krisztina Liptói F. Pizzi Judit Barna Irina Carpusca Coralie Danchin Delphine Duclos Mouad Chentouf Mustapha Ibnelbachyr Hayat Lionboui Julián Santiago Moreno Milagros Cristina Esteso Diego Galarza Lilia Magdalena Melucci Maria Rosa Lanari Rudolf Preisinger David Cavero Pintado Peer Berg Paolo Cozzi Eildert Groeneveld Andrea Caprera W. F. Kugler Dominic Moran Bouda Vosough Ahmadi H. Woelders Harmen Doekes E. Martyniuk Javier Canon Susana Dunner Andreia Amaral Paolo Ajmone‐Marsan Johann Sölkner Beate Berger María Wurzinger Mike Mcgrew Hendrik‐Jan Megens Martien A. M. Groenen R.P.M.A. Crooijmans

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