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Genomic insights into the Ixodes scapularis tick vector of Lyme disease

Article scientifique 2016 Anglais

Résumé

Ticks transmit more pathogens to humans and animals than any other arthropod. We describe the 2.1 Gbp nuclear genome of the tick, Ixodes scapularis (Say), which vectors pathogens that cause Lyme disease, human granulocytic anaplasmosis, babesiosis and other diseases. The large genome reflects accumulation of repetitive DNA, new lineages of retro-transposons, and gene architecture patterns resembling ancient metazoans rather than pancrustaceans. Annotation of scaffolds representing ∼57% of the genome, reveals 20,486 protein-coding genes and expansions of gene families associated with tick-host interactions. We report insights from genome analyses into parasitic processes unique to ticks, including host 'questing', prolonged feeding, cuticle synthesis, blood meal concentration, novel methods of haemoglobin digestion, haem detoxification, vitellogenesis and prolonged off-host survival. We identify proteins associated with the agent of human granulocytic anaplasmosis, an emerging disease, and the encephalitis-causing Langat virus, and a population structure correlated to life-history traits and transmission of the Lyme disease agent.

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Gulia-Nuss, M., Nuss, A., Meyer, J., Sonenshine, D., Roe, R., Waterhouse, R., Sattelle, D., Fuente, J., Ribeiro, J., Mégy, K., Thimmapuram, J., Miller, J., Walenz, B., Koren, S., Hostetler, J., Thiagarajan, M., Joardar, V., Hannick, L., Bidwell, S., Hammond, M., Young, S., Zeng, Q., Abrudan, J., Almeida, F., Ayllón, N., Bhide, K., Bissinger, B., Bonzón‐Kulichenko, E., Buckingham, S., Caffrey, D., Caimano, M., Croset, V., Driscoll, T., Gilbert, D., Gillespie, J., Giraldo-Calderón, G., Grabowski, J., Jiang, D., Khalil, S., Kim, D., Kocan, K., Koči, J., Kühn, R., Kurtti, T., Lang, E., Kennedy, R., Kwon, H., Perera, R., Qi, Y., Radolf, J., Sakamoto, J., Sánchez‐Gracia, A., Severo, M., Silverman, N., Šimo, L., Tojo, M., Tornador, C., Zee, J., Vázquez, J., Vieira, F., Villar, M., Wespiser, A., Yang, Y., Zhu, J., Arensburger, P., Pietrantonio, P., Barker, S., Shao, R., Zdobnov, E., Hauser, F., Grimmelikhuijzen, C., Park, Y., Rozas, J., Benton, R., Pedra, J., Nelson, D., Unger, M., Tubío, J., Tu, Z., Robertson, H., Shumway, M., Sutton, G., Wortman, J., Lawson, D., Wikel, S., Nene, V., Fraser, C., Collins, F., Birren, B., Caler, E., Hill, C. (2016). Genomic insights into the Ixodes scapularis tick vector of Lyme disease. https://doi.org/10.1038/ncomms10507

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Auteur(s)

Monika Gulia-Nuss Andrew B. Nuss Jason M. Meyer Daniel E. Sonenshine R. Michael Roe Robert M. Waterhouse David B. Sattelle José de la Fuente José M. C. Ribeiro Karyn Mégy Jyothi Thimmapuram Jason Miller Brian P. Walenz Sergey Koren Jessica B. Hostetler Mathangi Thiagarajan Vinita Joardar Linda I. Hannick Shelby Bidwell M. Hammond Sarah Young Qiandong Zeng Jenica Abrudan Francisca C. Almeida Nieves Ayllón Ketaki Bhide Brooke W. Bissinger Elena Bonzón‐Kulichenko Steven D. Buckingham Daniel R. Caffrey Melissa J. Caimano Vincent Croset Timothy Driscoll Don Gilbert Joseph J. Gillespie Gloria I. Giraldo-Calderón Jeffrey M. Grabowski David D. Jiang Sayed M.S. Khalil Dong‐Hun Kim Katherine M. Kocan Juraj Koči Richard Kühn Timothy J. Kurtti Emma G. Lang Ryan Kennedy Hyeogsun Kwon Rushika Perera Yumin Qi Justin D. Radolf Joyce M. Sakamoto Alejandro Sánchez‐Gracia Maiara S. Severo Neal Silverman Ladislav Šimo Marta Tojo Cristian Tornador Janice P. Van Zee Jesús Vázquez Filipe Garrett Vieira Margarita Villar Adam R. Wespiser Yunlong Yang Jiwei Zhu Peter Arensburger Patricia V. Pietrantonio Stephen C. Barker Renfu Shao Evgeny M. Zdobnov Frank Hauser Cornelis J.P. Grimmelikhuijzen Yoonseong Park Julio Rozas Richard Benton Joao H. F. Pedra David R. Nelson Maria Unger José M. C. Tubío Zhijian Tu Hugh M. Robertson Martin Shumway Granger Sutton Jennifer R. Wortman Daniel Lawson Stephen K. Wikel Vishvanath Nene Claire M. Fraser Frank H. Collins Bruce W. Birren Elisabet Caler Catherine A. Hill

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