Alcohol use disorder and associated factors among residents in Fiche town, North Shewa, Ethiopia: Community based cross-sectional survey

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Abstract Background: Alcohol use disorder (AUD) is one of the most common psychiatric disorders. It accounts 4% of all death worldwide and the third leading risk factor for premature deaths and disabilities. The empirical evidence about AUD and associated factors is not available in the northern part of Ethiopia. Therefore, this study was assessed to the prevalence and associated factors of AUD among reside in Fich town in order to plan and give informed intervention in the communities. Methods: A community based cross-sectional survey was conducted from April to May 2019 at Fiche town north shewa, Ethiopia. Multi-stage random sampling was used to recruit 1619 participants. The standardized Alcohol Use Disorder Identification Test (AUDIT) was used to assess alcohol use disorder. Binary logistic regression analyses were used to identify factors associated with alcohol use disorder. The odds ratio (OR) with 95% confidence interval (CI) was computed to assess the strength of the association at p-value less than 0.05. Results: Overall prevalence of alcohol use disorder was found to be 15.7% with 95% CI (13.9-17.6), whereas hazardous drinkers (10.3%), harmful alcohol users (3.2%), and alcohol dependent (2.2%). In the multivariate logistic regression analysis; male sex (AOR=10.3, 95% CI: 6.63-16.00), age between 18-24 and 25-34 years (AOR=2.45, 95% CI: 1.10-5.44, and AOR=2.52, 95% CI: 1.23-5.16), respectively, peer pressure (AOR=4.51, 95% CI: 2.30-8.52), severe psychological distress (AOR=2.6, 95% CI: 1.24-5.43), and poor social support (AOR=3.1, 95% CI: 1.75-5.50) were factors significantly associated with alcohol use disorder. Conclusion: The findings of the present study indicated that the prevalence of alcohol used disorder among alcohol users was 15.7%. Being male, age between 18 to 34 years, peer pressure, severe psychological distress, and poor social support were significantly associated with AUD. Measures to increase the awareness of the community, their parents, and their social networks about AUD by the leading government as well as healthcare institutions are warranted.

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