It is a Bird Therefore it is a Robin: On BERT’s Internal Consistency Between Hypernym Knowledge and Logical Words

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The lexical knowledge of NLP systems should be tested (i) for their internal consistency (avoiding groundedness issues) and (ii) both for content words and logical words.In this paper we propose a new method to test the understanding of the hypernymy relationship by measuring its antisymmetry according to the models.Previous studies often rely only on the direct question (e.g., A robin is a ...), where we argue a correct answer could only rely on collocational cues, rather than hierarchical cues.We show how to control for this, and how it is important.We develop a method to ask similar questions about logical words that encode an entailment-like relation (e.g., because or therefore).Our results show important weaknesses of BERT-like models on these semantic tasks.

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