Impact of damiana (Turnera diffusa) against amitriptyline induced heart injury, dysfunctions and DNA damage in male rats

Résumé

Amitriptyline (AMT) is a tricyclic antidepressant and an inhibitor of lysosomal acid sphingomyelinase. Amitriptyline has a bad reputation for its cardiovascular complications in psychiatric patients. However, the mechanisms implying the cardiovascular toxicity of amitriptyline are still unknown. This study aimed to clarify damiana's preventive and therapeutic role as adjuvant herbal therapy against amitriptyline-induced heart injury in rats. A total of 36 male albino rats were equally distributed into six groups (1st, control; 2nd, damiana; 3rd, Amitriptyline; 4th, co-treated amitriptyline rats with damiana; 5th, post-treated amitriptyline rats with damiana; 6th, self- healing Amitriptyline rats). A significant elevation in cardiac enzymes (CK-MB, LDH, CKP, and Myoglobin), AST, ALP, sodium ions, cholesterol, triglycerides, LDL, and cardiac DNA damage, injury, and proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) immunoreactivity in treatment rats with amitriptyline and self-treated group as compared to control and damiana groups. In contrast, potassium ions and HDL revealed a significant depletion in amitriptyline and self- healing Amitriptyline rats’ groups as compared to control and damiana groups. Co- and post-treatment of rats with damiana showed a modulation and improvement of cardiac toxicity with a better result in co-treatments than post-treatments. This study suggests using damiana, which is promising in protecting heart structure and functions.

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