Flood Vulnerability Assessment and Local Management Strategy: the case of Adama City

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Abstract The economic losses and the number of people who have been vulnerable to natural disasters particularly flooding have increased dramatically over the past decades. The intensity of flood vulnerability is more severe in cities of developing countries. Adama City, which is located at the heart of Ethiopia is among the major cities regularly facing challenges of flood Vulnerability. This study was conducted with the objectives to assess the flood vulnerability and Management system of Adama city. To meet the intended objective, the study employed analytic hierarchy process using Geographic information system. To identify the flood hazard map later vulnerability, various factors such as slope, distance from the river, elevation, precipitation, NDVI, and population density were considered. As to hazard map is concerned, the results of the study showed that large areas of the city fall under moderate hazard zones followed by high hazard zones. The result further indicated that significant number of areas also fall under very high hazard zone. With regard to Vulnerability, large areas of the city (5941.44 hectare) fall under moderate flood vulnerability flowed by low (5217.66) and high (1661.58) hectares, respectively. Moreover, out of 18 villages, 8 of them (Badhatuu (07), Abba_Gadaa (12), Odaa (08), Gurmuu (06), Barreecha (11), Biqqa (10), Gaara Luugo (03), Caffee (13) partly experience very high levels of flood vulnerability. As to flood management is concerned, the result shows that the residents of Adama city are practicing peculiar flood management strategies such as flood septic tank in their garden, improve door size and gravel filling. To this end, it is highly recommended that these locations within high and very high hazard zone needs immediate intervention and decision making for future flood hazard management and planning of the city.

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