Prevalence and associated factors of malnutrition among patients undergoing surgery at Saint Peter Hospital, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia,2023

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Abstract Background: Malnutrition is an imbalance between food intake and needs. It is a clinical condition with multifactorial etiology, resulting in several disorders like immune suppression, increased susceptibility to infections, increased drug intolerance, and death. Objective: To assess the prevalence and associated factors of malnutrition among patients undergoing surgery at Saint Peter Hospital, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, 2023. Methods: an institution based cross-sectional study was designed to investigate the prevalence and associated factors of malnutrition among adult patients undergoing surgery Results: During the preoperative period, the study found that 12.5% of patients were undernourished, while 30% were overnourished. Following surgery, the prevalence of undernutrition decreased to 10%, while overnutrition remained high at 29.2%. Furthermore, a statistically significant difference in hospital length of stay was observed between patients with normal nutritional status and those with undernutrition postoperatively. The mean difference between these groups was 2.65812 (95% CI = -3.07882 to -2.23742), with a p-value of less than .001. Specifically, patients with normal nutritional status had an average stay of less than 2.66 days longer than those with undernutrition.

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