Determinants of neonatal near miss among neonates delivered in public hospitals in Shashemane city administration, Ethiopia, 2021 Facility based unmatched case control study

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Abstract Background: Neonatal near miss is an event that nearly died between 0-28 days but survived by chance or good quality of care. The number of neonates who survived morbidities were approximately 5 times greater than those died. However, there is limited evidence that state the determinants of neonatal near miss in Ethiopia and particularly in Shashemane. So, this study attempted to identify determinants of Neonatal near miss among neonate delivered in public Hospitals in Shashemene, Oromia, Ethiopia.Methods: Facility based unmatched case-control study conducted from March, 22, 2021 to May 22, 2021. Structured and pretested questionnaires used for data collection. 104 cases were selected consecutively and 208 controls were selected by systematic random sampling by 2nd k during study period. For each near-miss case, two controls were selected. After data collection, data were checked for consistency, coded and entered by using EPI INFO 7 and exported to statistical package for social science for analysis by using binary logistic regression on the basis Odds ratio, 95% CI and p-value of less than 0.05. Variables with p < 0.25 in Bivariable analysis entered into a multivariable logistic regression model using the backward variable selection method.Result: The result show that mother age group between 20-34 had 0.12 less odds to experience neonatal near miss than age group below 20 years old. [AOR=0.12, 95%(CI=0.02-0.76)]. Neonates who were delivered by spontaneous vaginal delivery had 0.38 less odds of experiencing neonatal near miss than neonates delivered by instrumental assisted delivery and Cesarean section [AOR 0.38, 95% (CI= 0.22-0.68)]. Delivery followed by partograph had 0.25 less odds likely to develop neonatal near miss than those not followed by partograph [AOR=0.25 95% (CI,0.11-0.54)].Conclusion: Age of mother, gestational age, delivery mode and delivery followed by partograph were determinants of the neonatal near miss. So, women conceive at below 20 years of old, mother that will not give birth by spontaneous vaginal delivery should be advised of the greater risk of neonatal near miss. Health worker in delivery ward should use partograph for every delivery in both hospitals.

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