Microbiological Quality and Antimicrobial resistance of bacteria isolated from Raw Cow Milk in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia

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Abstract Raw cow milk serves as a suitable medium for microbial growth due to its complex biochemical composition and high water activity; because of this character, the quality and shelf-life of milk must be degraded. This study was conducted in Addis Ababa to evaluate microbial quality and safety and the antimicrobial susceptibility of bacteria in raw cow milk. The overall mean (± SD) of raw cow's milk for standard plate count (SPC), E. coli count (EC), Coliform Count (CC) and Total Yeast and Mold Count (TYMC) were 6.24 ± 1.43, 2.44 ± 0.56, 4.34 ± 1.27 and 2.87 ± 1.02 log10cfu/ml respectively. Salmonella was not detected in the collected milk sample, and the prevalence of Staphylococcus aureus was 37%. The isolated S. aureus bacteria were 100% susceptible to antibiotic drugs like Amikacin, Gentamicin, Kanamycin, Erythromycin, Tylosin, Clindamycin and Florenicol. On the other hand, S. aureus was 87% susceptible and 13% intermediate for Enrofloxacin, 78.3% susceptible and 21.7% resistant for Tilcimosin, 60.9% susceptible and 39.1% resistant for Tetracycline, 95.7% susceptible and 4.3% intermediate for Trimethoprim-Sulfamethoxazole. Based on the current study, milk samples contained higher microbial load than National and International standards and had pathogenic bacteria, resulting in public health risks to the consumer. All concerned bodies in the dairy industry should get public education about hygienic milk production to reduce the risk of milk-borne pathogens and losses due to rejection resulting from contamination.

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