Correlates of intention to screen for cervical cancer among adult cisgender women in Kyotera District, Central Uganda

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Abstract Introduction: Cervical cancer continues to pose a major public health challenge in low-income countries. Cervical cancer screening programs enable early detection and effectively reduce the incidence of cervical cancer as well as late-stage diagnosis and mortality. However, screening uptake remains suboptimal in Uganda. This study assessed correlates of intention to screen for cervical cancer among women in the Kyotera district of central Uganda. Methods: We used cross-sectional data collected at baseline for a before and after study to determine the effectiveness of community audio towers (CATs) as a modality of health communication to support cervical cancer prevention. Cisgender women (n = 430) aged 21-60 years without a prior history of cervical cancer screening were surveyed about demographics, sources of health information and cervical cancer screening intentions in 2020. We used generalized linear modelling with modified Poisson regression and backwards variable elimination to identify adjusted prevalence ratios and 95% confidence intervals to determine factors associated with intention to screen for cervical cancer. Results: Half (50.0%) of the participants were aged 20-29 years of age,and only 26.5% had moderate knowledge about cervical cancer. Nearly half (46.0%) considered themselves at risk of cervical cancer, and half (50.2%) had intentions to screen for cervical cancer within the next year or sooner. Compared to residents who primarily received their health information from social media and radio, participants who received health information primarily from CATs and TV had a lower prevalence of intention to screen for cervical cancer. Participants who resided in rural areas and those who did not perceive themselves at risk of cervical cancer had a lower prevalence of intentions to be screened in the next year. Conclusions: Given moderate rates of self-perceived risk and intentions to screen for cervical cancer, screening rates are likely to remain suboptimal without intervention. Targeting health information sharing via CATS and TV is likely to reach those with lower screening intentions.

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