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The impact of pyrethroid-pyriproxyfen and pyrethroid-chlorfenapyr long-lasting insecticidal nets on density of primary malaria vectors Anopheles gambiae s.s. and Anopheles coluzzii in Benin: a secondary analysis of a cluster randomised controlled trial

Article scientifique 2024 Anglais

Résumé

BACKGROUND: Long-lasting insecticidal nets (LLINs) may have different impacts on distinct mosquito vector species. We assessed the efficacy of pyrethroid-pyriproxyfen and pyrethroid-chlorfenapyr LLINs on the density of Anopheles gambiae s.s. and An. coluzzii compared to pyrethroid-only nets in a three-arm cluster randomised control trial in Benin. METHODS: Indoor and outdoor collections of adult mosquitoes took place in 60 clusters using human landing catches at baseline and every 3 months for 2 years. After morphological identification, around 15% of randomly selected samples of An. gambiae s.l. were dissected to determine parity, species (using PCR). RESULTS: Overall, a total of 46,613 mosquito specimens were collected at baseline and 259,250 in the eight quarterly collections post-net distribution. Post-net distribution, approximately 70% of the specimens of An. gambiae s.l. speciated were An. coluzzii, while the rest were mostly composed of An. gambiae s.s. with a small proportion (< 1%) of hybrids (An. gambiae/coluzzii). There was no evidence of a significant reduction in vector density indoors in either primary vector species [An. coluzzii: DR (density ratio) = 0.62 (95% CI 0.21-1.77), p = 0.3683 for the pyrethroid-pyriproxyfen LLIN and DR = 0.56 (95% CI 0.19-1.62), p = 0.2866 for the pyrethroid-chlorfenapyr LLIN, An. gambiae s.s.: DR = 0.52 (95% CI 0.18-1.46), p = 0.2192 for the pyrethroid-pyriproxyfen LLIN and DR = 0.53 (95% CI 0.19-1.46), p = 0.2222 for the pyrethroid-chlorfenapyr]. The same trend was observed outdoors. Parity rates of An. gambiae s.l. were also similar across study arms. CONCLUSIONS: Compared with pyrethroid-only LLINs, pyrethroid-chlorfenapyr LLINs and pyrethroid-pyriproxyfen LLINs performed similarly against the two primary mosquito species An. gambiae s.s. and An. coluzzii in Benin.

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Yovogan, B., Sovi, A., Djènontin, A., Adoha, C., Akinro, B., Accrombessi, M., Dangbénon, E., Koukpo, C., Affolabi, Z., Agboho, P., Kpanou, C., Assongba, L., Missihoun, A., Tokponnon, T., Agbangla, C., Padonou, G., Messenger, L., Ngufor, C., Cook, J., Akogbéto, M., Protopopoff, N. (2024). The impact of pyrethroid-pyriproxyfen and pyrethroid-chlorfenapyr long-lasting insecticidal nets on density of primary malaria vectors Anopheles gambiae s.s. and Anopheles coluzzii in Benin: a secondary analysis of a cluster randomised controlled trial. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13071-023-06104-5

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Auteur(s)

Boulais Yovogan Arthur Sovi Armel Djènontin Constantin Adoha Bruno Akinro Manfred Accrombessi Edouard Dangbénon Côme Z. Koukpo Zul-Kifl Affolabi Prudenciène A. Agboho Casimir Kpanou Landry Assongba Antoine Abel Missihoun Tatchémè Filémon Tokponnon Clément Agbangla Germain Gil Padonou Louisa A. Messenger Corine Ngufor Jackie Cook Martin Akogbéto Natacha Protopopoff

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