Physicochemical and Hydrophobicity Characteristics of Bituminous Soils of the Humid Rainforest Climate of Ondo State, Nigeria

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Abstract This research investigated the physicochemical and hydrophobicity characteristics of bituminous soils in the humid rainforest climate of Irele in Ondo State, Nigeria. This research sampled three locations within Irele (Loda, Lofo, and Legbogbo), with Legbogbo as the control site and bitumen free. Five points were randomly sampled per location up to the 0–15 cm soil depth for physicochemical characterization.A mini-disk infiltrometer at -2 cm water suction rate was used to determine the soil's hydrophobicity, water, and ethanol sorptivity.The soil typesof the study location were predominantly sandy loam and strongly acidic (pH). The organic matter and organic carbon varied significantly (p ≤ 0.001) for all the sites in season 1 (2020) and significantly different (p ≤ 0.01) in season 2 (2021). The exchangeable potassium (k+) for both seasons varied from 0.143 to 0.183 Cmol/kg, while the exchangeable sodium ranged from 0.16 to 1.50 Cmol/kg for season 1 and from 0.22 to 0.27 Cmol/kg for season 2, respectivelyExchangeable magnesium and cation exchange capacity (CEC) for season 1 and season 2 differ significantly (P < 0.05).The mean hydrophobicity index decreased in the order Loda > Lofo > Legbogbo. The soil sorptivity to water (Sw)was in the orderLegbogbo > Lofo > Loda. There was no significant difference (P > 0.05) in the mean Sw and soil sorptivity to ethanol (Se) among the locations under study, thoughthe Loda site had the highestethanol sorptivity.

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