The Direct Cost of Dialysis in Patients With Chronic Renal Failure in Ouagadougou (Burkina Faso) in 2020

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Abstract Background: Chronic renal failure is a serious pathology requiring renal dialysis. The number of patients under dialysis has increased considerably in the world and particularly in sub-Saharan Africa. Dialysis is a very expensive care. This is the reason why this study on the costs of dialysis management was initiated in Burkina Faso. The study objective is to determine the direct medical and non-medical costs of managing chronic renal failure among patients undergoing dialysis in Ouagadougou in 2020.Methods: An analytical cross-sectional study was conducted. Data were collected in the hemodialysis department of three public university hospitals in Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso. All dialysis patients with chronic renal failure were included in the study. Linear regression was used to investigate the determinants of the direct medical and non-medical cost of hemodialysis. Results: A total of 290 patients participated in this study, including children, adults, and the elderly with extremes of 12 and 82 years. Almost half of the patients (47.5%) had no income. The average monthly total direct cost across all patients was 75842 CFA or US$134.41.The average direct medical cost was 51315 CFA or US$90.94 and the average direct non-medical cost was 24 527 CFA or US$43.47. Most of the patients (45.2%) funded their hemodialysis by their own source. The multivariate analysis showed that the presence of an accompanying person during treatment, residing in a rural area, ambulatory care, use of personal cars, and treatment at the dialysis center of Yalgado Teaching Hospital were associated with higher direct costs.Conclusion: The average cost of dialysis services borne by the patient and his/her family is very high in Burkina Faso since itis 2.1 times higher than the inter-professional minimum wage in the country (34664 CFA or 61.4 $US). It appears that the precariousness of the means of subsistence strongly increases with the occurrence of chronic renal failure requiring dialysis. Thus, to alleviate the expenses borne by patients undergoing dialysis, it would be important to extend the state subsidy package to the costs of drugs and to promote health insurance to ensure equitable care for these patients.

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