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HIV/HBV Co-Infection Among Cameroonian Patients Followed at the EPC Hospital of Djoungolo, Yaoundé - Prevalence and Associated Factors

Article scientifique 2026 Autre

Résumé

Abstract Background: Co-infection with Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) and Hepatitis B Virus (HBV) worsens liver prognosis and accelerates immunosuppression. In sub-Saharan Africa, updated data on this co-infection remain limited. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of HBV serological markers and identify factors associated with HIV/HBV co-infection among People Living with HIV (PLHIV) followed at the EPC Hospital of Djoungolo (Yaoundé, Cameroon). Methods: A descriptive and analytical cross-sectional study was conducted in February 2026 among 119 consecutively enrolled PLHIV. Sociodemographic, clinical, and therapeutic data were collected using a standardized questionnaire. Five HBV serological markers (HBsAg, anti-HBs, anti-HBc, HBeAg, anti-HBe) were detected using rapid immunochromatographic tests. R Studio version 4.5.1. was used for analysis, associations were tested using bivariate logistic regression and p<0.05 was set as statistically significant. Results: The patients’ mean age was 46.2 years, and the population was predominantly female (67.2%). The prevalence of HBsAg was 10.1% (95% CI: 5.3-17.2%), that of anti-HBc was 44.5%, and that of anti-HBs was 16.0%. According to HBV status, 45.4% of patients were susceptible to infection, 34.5% had resolved infection, 10.1% had post-vaccination immunity, and 10.1% had active co-infection. Advanced HIV stage, stage III, was significantly associated with co-infection (OR=5.65; p=0.007), as was the occupation of housewife (p=0.05). Age≥40 years (p=0.001) and duration on antiretroviral therapy ≥10 years (p=0.02) were associated with the presence of anti-HBc. Conclusion: HIV/HBV co-infection is frequent (10.1%) in this Cameroonian cohort, and nearly half of PLHIV remain vulnerable to HBV infection. These findings advocate for systematic HBV screening among all PLHIV and targeted vaccination of seronegative patients.

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Této, G., Dephallah, M., Kamgaing, R., Dambaya, B., Nka, A., Semengue, E., Takou, D., Chenwi, C., Ka’e, A., Beloumou, G., Pieme, C., Fokam, J., Ndjolo, A. (2026). HIV/HBV Co-Infection Among Cameroonian Patients Followed at the EPC Hospital of Djoungolo, Yaoundé - Prevalence and Associated Factors. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.22532092

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Auteur(s)

Georges Této Mariam Oudah Dephallah Rachel Kamgaing Béatrice Dambaya Alex Durand Nka Ezéchiel Ngoufack Jagni Semengue Désiré Takou Collins Ambe Chenwi Aude Christelle Ka’e Grâce Beloumou Constant Anatole Pieme Joseph Fokam Alexis Ndjolo

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