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Control of the sandflies vector of leishmaniasis: Results of an entomological survey on the sandflies fauna in Morocco (El Hajeb)

Article scientifique 2022 Anglais

Résumé

Abstract Background Sandflies are small midges that are the exclusive vectors of cutaneous and visceral leishmaniasis. These diseases are a public health problem in Morocco. Objective: To determine the composition of the phlebotomine fauna, to study the biodiversity and seasonal distribution of phlebotomine in the province of El Hajeb. Methods A total of six stations were surveyed, five of which had recorded cases of indigenous leishmaniasis in recent years. Bi-monthly captures from April to December 2019 were carried out using adhesive trapping in different biotopes. Results A total of 14590 sand flies were collected of which males represent 80.3%. The activity of the sand fly population started in April and ended at the end of November. The periods of high abundance were in July, September and November. Morphological identification of fasting males and females (14070 specimens) shows the presence of twelve species belonging to the genus Phlebotomus and Sergentomyia: P. longicuspis (79.4%), P. sergenti (7.2%), S. minuta (4.42%), P. perniciosus (2.7%), P. papatasi (2.05%), P. bergeroti (1.1%), S. schwetzi (1%), P. alexandri (0.7%), S. fallax (0.7%), S. dreyfusi (0.5%), P. ariasi (0.2%) and S. antennata (0.1%). The in-depth analysis shows that the leishmaniasis vector species predominate the population of collected sandflies and the risk periods are spread during the summer and autumn seasons. Conclusion The present study is the result of an entomological survey at the level of El Hajeb in central Morocco; it gives information on the captured species of sandflies. Therefore, it offers to the decision-makers an important tool to carry out effective vector control actions to limit the risk of bites and to limit the transmission of leishmaniasis.

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El-Mouhdi, K., Boussaa, S., Fekhaoui, M., Mehanned, S., Faraj, C., Chahlaoui, A. (2022). Control of the sandflies vector of leishmaniasis: Results of an entomological survey on the sandflies fauna in Morocco (El Hajeb). https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-1409330/v1

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Karima El-Mouhdi Samia Boussaa Mohammed Fekhaoui Smahane Mehanned Chafika Faraj Abdelkader Chahlaoui

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