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Flexible PVA/SA–ZnO/Zn₆Al₂O₉ nanocomposite films with tunable optical band gap and enhanced dielectric performance for optoelectronic devices

Article scientifique 2026 Anglais

Résumé

Abstract This study aims to develop novel poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA)/sodium alginate (SA) nanocomposites reinforced with mixed-phase ZnO/Zn₆Al₂O₉ (ZnAl) nanoparticles to enhance their structural, optical, and electrical properties for advanced electrical and optoelectronic applications. The novelty of this work lies in the incorporation of mixed-phase ZnO/Zn₆Al₂O₉ nanoparticles at different loadings (2–8 wt%) into the PVA/SA matrix to achieve tunable multifunctional properties through optimized nanoparticle dispersion and interfacial interactions. X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis confirmed the formation of mixed-phase ZnO/Zn₆Al₂O₉ nanoparticles with an average crystallite size of 43.3 nm, while the crystallinity of the nanocomposites varied with ZnAl concentration. Attenuated total reflectance Fourier transform infrared (ATR-FTIR) spectroscopy indicated hydrogen bonding between the polymer chains and ZnAl nanoparticles. Field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) revealed a morphological transition from smooth PVA/SA surfaces to granular structures upon ZnAl incorporation. The optical band gap exhibited a non-monotonic decrease from 3.30 eV for PVA/SA blend, reaching a minimum of 1.45 eV at 6 wt% ZnAl, and then rising to 1.73 eV at 8 wt%. This effect is ascribed to defect-induced localized states at low and moderate loadings, as well as to nanoparticle agglomeration and microstructural heterogeneity at elevated loadings. Dielectric analysis demonstrated enhanced electrical conductivity and dielectric constants with increasing ZnAl content, with the optimum performance achieved at 4 wt% owing to the formation of interconnected conductive pathways. Complex modulus analysis further confirmed the ionic conduction mechanism. These multifunctional nanocomposites exhibit tunable optical and electrical properties, highlighting their potential for flexible electronics, UV-shielding, and optoelectronic applications.

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Mohamed, H., Wissa, D., Ismail, A. (2026). Flexible PVA/SA–ZnO/Zn₆Al₂O₉ nanocomposite films with tunable optical band gap and enhanced dielectric performance for optoelectronic devices. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-026-70333-8

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Auteur(s)

Hagar Mohamed D. A. Wissa A.M. Ismail

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