The Effect of Variation in Dietary Cation-Anion Difference During the Transition Period of Brown Swiss Dairy Cows on Calcium Status, Blood Metabolites and Rumen Activity

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Abstract The objective of this study was to determine the effects of varying pre- and postpartum DCAD diets on serum total calcium, ionized calcium, blood and ruminal fluid metabolites, and milk production in prepartum and postpartum Holstein cows. Fifty-four multiparous dry Brown Swiss cows n = 54, were enrolled in a completely randomized block experimental design at 29 days prior to expected parturition through 86 days in milk. A 3 x 2 factorial arrangement of treatments was utilized. Three DCAD levels were fed precalving (0, -120 and − 200 mEq/kg DM, n = 18 cows per treatment) and two DCAD levels were fed post calving (+ 200 and + 400 mEq/kg DM, n = 27 cows per treatment). Prepartum urine pH was lower for cows fed − 200 DCAD compared with those fed − 120 or 0 DCAD. Postpartum urine pH was higher for cows fed + 400 mEq/kg compared to cows fed + 200 mEq/kg DCAD. Prepartum serum total calcium, ionized calcium, and hydroxyproline was highest for cows fed − 200 DCAD compared to those fed − 120 and 0 DCAD. Parathyroid hormone was highest for cows fed 0 DCAD compared to those fed − 120 and − 200 DCAD. Prepartum dry matter intake (DMI) was lower for − 200 and − 120 DCAD compared with 0 DCAD. Postpartum DMI was not different among treatments. Pre- and postpartum DCAD treatments did not affect total milk yield or milk fat, but percentage of milk protein increased in cows fed the negative prepartum DCAD treatments.

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