Whole-Genome Sequencing of Bacillus spizizenii DN reveals possible mechanisms for electron transfer

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Abstract Gram positive bacteria are considered excellent candidates for bioelectrochemical systems (BES) but has not received sufficient attention as compared to the extensively studied gram negative bacteria. Bacillus spizizenii DN is a gram positive bacterium characterized as nitrate reducing, dye degrading and biofilm producing bacterium. Whole Genome sequence (WGS) of this bacterium showed Genome size 33.1 Kb and 3371 protein family. (NCBI biosample accession number: SAMN19821646). Genome annotation suggested the presence of microbial electron transfer (MET) related pathways such as nitrogen metabolism, flavonoid and anthocyanin biosynthesis, riboflavin and xenobiotic metabolism, in addition to peptidoglycan biosynthesis. Cell-wall-associated nitrate reductase as a terminal electron acceptor and surface polysaccharide suggest direct electron transfer and biofilm involvement, while the presence of cofactors, vitamins and secondary metabolites provide diffusible redox mediators for a mediated electron transfer pathway. The results indicate that Bacillus spizizenii DN showed electroactivity and can be used for different BES applications. It was further used in fabrication of nitrate biosensor, it was also used for preparing electroconductive microbeads for use in biodegradation of nitrate containing colored wastewater. WGS can be a step for acquiring knowledge about EAB to harness their electroactive capacity and to develop an efficient biodegrading strategy that accommodates the application.

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