Determinants of farmers choice of adaptation to climate variability in Dera woreda, south Gondar zone, Ethiopia

Résumé

Climate variability causes enormous suffering particularly on rural farmers’ whose livelihoods depend largely on rain-fed agriculture. Ethiopia in general the Dera woreda in particular is not an exception in this regard. The main purpose of this study was to identify the determinant factors that influence the choice of farmers’ adaptation strategies to climate variability from 110 households in Dera woreda, south Gondar zone, Ethiopia. Accordingly, descriptive statistics and Multi-Nominal Logit model (MNL) were employed to analyze the data on household and demographic characteristics and the determinant factors that influences the choice of farmers adaptation, respectively. The results showed that the major climatic related hazards in the study area were flooding (31.8 %), followed by hailstorm (19 %), drought (17.3 %), crop-pest (16.4 %) and livestock epidemic (15.5 %). In order to tackle the effects of climate variability, households in the area pursued crop diversification (38.2 %), soil and water conservation (31.8 %) and seasonal migration (19 %) as the most dominant and frequent adaptation measures. The MNL model also found that the adaptation measures taken by the households are influenced by some predictor variables such as gender of the household head, age, access to extension services, agro-ecological location, farm size, family size and perception on temperature. In order to overcome the challenges that the farmers have been facing in employing various adaptation measures in response to climate variability, the government needs to support them in promoting the appropriate adaptation measures suitable in varied agro-ecological zones.

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