Toxicité subchronique chez le rat de l’extrait d’acétate d’éthyle des feuilles de Holarrhena floribunda (G. DON) T. Durand & Schinz, une plante utilisée dans le traitement traditionnel du diabète en Côte d’Ivoire

Résumé

Holarrhena floribunda is a medicinal plant used in traditional treatment of diabetes in Côte d’Ivoire. In order to verify its safety, the ethyl acetate extract of its leaves at a dose of 1000 mg / kg of body weight was administered daily over a period of 90 days to wistar rats of the test groups. A satellite group was established to assess the persistence or reversibility of any effects that would appear after discontinuation of treatment. Blood samples were taken on (day 0) (D0) (before the start of the experiment), D7, D14, D21, D28, D60, D90 and D120 (one month after stopping the Treatment) to determine the effects of the extract on serum biochemical parameters. At the end of the 90 days (for the rats of the main study) and 120 days (for the rats of the satellite batches), a histological study was carried out on rats heart, liver and kidneys. These different studies have shown that the ethyl acetate extract from the leaves of H. floribunda did not significantly change the relative body weight of the liver, kidneys and heart. Serum levels of uric acid, bilirubins, albumin, triglycerides, enzymatic activities of ALT, CPK, LDH and of the atherogenicity index of treated rats (in both sexes) were not affected compared to the control rats both throughout the treatment period and one month after stopping treatment. However, administration of the ethyl acetate extract of the leaves of H. floribunda caused significant changes in male rats for parameters such as chlorine, sodium potassium and PAL. In the female rats, the levels of creatinine, calcium and AST activity have been punctually modified. Otherwise, serum concentrations of total cholesterol, HDL, LDL, and blood glucose levels showed slight changes in both sexes. However, these changes were moderate and the values obtained remained within their standard values. In addition, histological sections did not show any lesions in the heart, liver and kidneys. Ultimately, the 1000 mg / kg body weight of the ethyl acetate extract of H. floribunda leaves was well tolerated by the rat organism after 90-day oral administration.

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