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Revisiting human T-cell lymphotropic virus types 1 and 2 infections among rural population in Gabon, central Africa thirty years after the first analysis

Article scientifique 2018 Anglais

Résumé

HTLV-1 infection is considered as highly endemic in central Africa.Thirty years ago, a first epidemiological study was performed in Gabon, central Africa, and revealed that the prevalence varied from 5.0 to 10.5%.To evaluate current distribution of HTLVs in Gabon, 4.381 samples were collected from rural population living in 220 villages distributed within the 9 provinces of country.HTLVs prevalence was determined using two ELISA tests and positive results were confirmed by Western Blot.The overall HTLV-1 seroprevalence was of 7.3% among the rural Gabonese population; with 5.4% for men and 9.0% for women.Prevalence of HTLV-1 differed by province, ranging from 2.3% to 12.5% into the rain forest.Being a woman older than 51 years represented a high risk for HTLV-1 acquisition.Hospitalization, operation/surgery, transfusion and medical abortion or fever, arthritis and abdominal pain are also significant risk factors.In addition, 0.1% of samples were found as HTLV-2 positive, while 12.0% had an indeterminate HTLV serological pattern.HTLV-3 and HTLV-4 were not found.Phylogenetic analysis was performed on 87 samples and demonstrated that HTLV-1 present in Gabon belongs mostly to subtype B, however the rare subtype D was also found.Altogether, our results demonstrate that almost thirty years after the first epidemiological study prevention of HTLVs infection is still an issue in Gabon. Author summaryHTLV-1 is endemic in Africa where it infects millions of individuals and causes Adult T Leukemia.Thirty years ago, an epidemiological study was performed in Gabon, where HTLV-1 is endemic.This revealed a high prevalence of this retroviral infection.Thirty years later, we performed a larger study in the general Gabonese population.This reveals that this oncogenic retrovirus is still highly frequent in this country and that prevalence

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Caron, M., Besson, G., Padilla, C., Makuwa, M., Nkoghe, D., Leroy, E., Kazanji, M. (2018). Revisiting human T-cell lymphotropic virus types 1 and 2 infections among rural population in Gabon, central Africa thirty years after the first analysis. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0006833

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Auteur(s)

Mélanie Caron Guillaume Besson Cindy Padilla Maria Makuwa Dieudonné Nkoghe Eric M. Leroy Mirdad Kazanji

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