Biological properties and antifungal activity of Acalypha wilkesiana, Mitracarpus hirtus, Senna alata on Candida strains isolated from hospital stool samples in Southern Benin

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Abstract Candidiasis is one of the opportunistic diseases that occur following HIV/AIDS infection. Currently, the management of candidiasis is problematic due to the emergence of resistance to classical antifungal drugs. The search for alternative solutions for the discovery of new bioactive molecules is necessary. This study aims to explore the antifungal properties of Mitracarptus hirtus, Acalypha wikesian and Senna alata on Candida strains isolated from stools of people living with the acquired immunodeficiency virus and collected in some hospitals in Benin and then confirmed by molecular biology techniques at the Research Unit in Microbiology and Pharmacology of natural substances. The strains were tested for different resistance factors. The main phytochemical groups of the plants were searched by staining methods from the dry matter of the studied plants. The determination of total polyphenols and the evaluation of the antioxidant activity of the extracts by the DPPH radical scavenging test were carried out by spectrophotometric methods. The in vitro antifungal activity of the aqueous and hydroethanol extracts of these plants was then evaluated on the strains. The antifungal test data revealed that of the three plants tested, only Mitracarptus hirtus showed inhibitory activity on the growth of the reference strain of Candida albicans ATCC 90028. The hydroethanol extract of this plant was active on all clinical strains with a better effect at the concentration of 100 mg/ml. The data obtained also highlighted the richness in total polyphenols and the anti-free radical activity of the plant extracts studied. This study proved particularly the anti-candidus properties of the hydro-ethanolic extract of the leafy stem of Mitracarptus hirtus. Further studies will generate data on the in vivo efficacy and mechanism of action of the anti-candidosis effect of Mitracarptus hirtus.

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