Antimicrobial Resistance Profiles and associated factors of Acinetobacter and Pseudomonas aeruginosa nosocomial infection among patients admitted at Dessie comprehensive specialized Hospital, North-East Ethiopia. A cross sectional study

Résumé

Abstract Background:- Hospital admitted patients are at increased risk of nosocomial infections (NIs) with multi-drug resistant (MDR) pathogens which are prevalent in the hospital environment. P. aeruginosa and A. baumannii are common causes of NIs worldwide. The objective of this study is to determine the magnitude, antimicrobial resistance profiles, and associated factors of Acinetobacter and P. aeruginosa NIs among patients hospitalized at Dessie Comprehensive Specialized Hospital (DCSH), North-East Ethiopia.Methods:- A cross-sectional study was conducted at DCSH from February 1 to April 30, 2020. A total of 254 patients who were suspected of either bloodstream, urinary tract, or surgical site nosocomial infection were enrolled consecutively. Sociodemographic and other variables of interest were collected using a structured questionnaire. The specimens were collected and processed following standard microbiological procedures. Antibacterial susceptibility was determined by the Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion method following Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute guidelines. Data were analyzed with SPSS version 23 and p-value < 0.05 was considered to be statistically significant.Results: Overall, 13% of patients had nosocomial Acinetobacter and/or P. aeruginosa infections. The culture positivity rate was 16(6.3%) for Acinetobacter spp and 18(7.1%) for P. aeruginosa. All isolates of Acinetobacter spp. were from patients with intravenous catheterization. Patients admitted in the surgical ward (Adjusted odds ratio (AOR): 10.66; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.22-93.23), pediatric ward (AOR: 14.37; 95% CI: 1.4-148.5), intensive care unit (AOR: 41.93; 95% CI:4.7-374.7) and orthopedics (AOR: 52.21;95%CI:7.5-365) were significantly at risk to develop NIs compared to patients admitted in the medical ward. Patients who took more than two antimicrobial types were 94% (AOR: 0.06; 95% CI: 0.004-0.84) times more protected from NIs compared to those who did not take any antimicrobial. About 81% of Acinetobacter spp. and 83% of P. aeruginosa isolates were MDR. Amikacin and meropenem showed promising activity against Acinetobacter and P. aeruginosa isolates.Conclusion: The high prevalence of MDR Acinetobacter and P. aeruginosa nosocomial isolates highlighted the need of improving and implementing infection control programs in the hospitals. Treatment of NIs should be guided by antimicrobial susceptibility testing.

Citer ce document

Accès au document

Ce document est hébergé sur son dépôt institutionnel d'origine.

Auteur(s)

Statistiques

Consultations : 1

Téléchargements : 0