Negotiating inclusionary housing implementation: private-sector practitioner perspectives from Johannesburg, South Africa
Résumé
Rapid urbanisation and persistent spatial inequality continue to constrain access to affordable, well-located housing in South African cities. In response, the City of Johannesburg introduced an Inclusionary Housing Policy in 2019 to advance socio-spatial integration through private-sector residential development. While existing studies have largely focused on policy design and legislative frameworks, limited empirical evidence exists on implementation as experienced by private-sector planning practitioners operating at the development–regulation interface. This study addresses this deficit through a qualitative research design based on semi-structured interviews with six urban planning practitioners from consultancies and property development firms in Johannesburg. Data were analysed using thematic analysis approach. The findings indicate that implementation is constrained by development viability concerns, community resistance, institutional fragmentation, and challenges related to social integration. However, participants also identified enabling conditions, including stronger policy incentives, improved regulatory clarity, and enhanced public–private coordination. The study concludes that, although inclusionary housing has potential to advance spatial justice in Johannesburg, its effectiveness is contingent on broader institutional, governance, and socio-economic reforms. It contributes empirical insights into the implementation dynamics of inclusionary housing in post-apartheid cities by foregrounding the perspectives of private-sector planning practitioners.
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