Prevalence and factors associated with musculoskeletal disorders among primary and secondary school teachers

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Background: Musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) are among the top conditions that affect the working population including teachers. Historically, Kilimanjaro region including Moshi municipal, has been a pioneer in education development in Tanzania. Moshi municipality represent a diverse setting of primary and secondary education; however, no study has yet examined MSDs among teachers in this setting. Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of MSDs among primary and secondary school teachers, and identify the associated factors. Methodology: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 205 primary and secondary school teachers in Moshi Municipal, Northern Tanzania. Data was collected using a structured questionnaire that incorporated the Standardized Nordic Musculoskeletal Questionnaire (SNMQ). Logistic regression model was used to estimate the factors associated with MSDs. Results: The 12-month and 7-day prevalence of MSDs in one or more body sites was 61.5% and 44.4%, respectively. Twelve-month prevalence was higher in the lower back (44.4%), followed by the neck (31.2%), upper back (26.8%), and shoulders (18.5%). Seven-day prevalence was higher in the lower back (29.8%), followed by the neck (16.1%), ankles/feet (12.2%), and upper back (9.8%). Predictors of MSDs at different body parts were the age, gender, BMI, working duration, number of working hours, number of classes, and number of students in class. Conclusion: Occupational factors significantly contribute to MSDs among teachers. Complying to recommended workload for teachers may help to prevent MSDs in teaching profession.

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