Antimicrobial Profiles of Pathogenic Enteric Bacteria Isolated from Commensal Rodents and Cockroaches from Morogoro Region in Tanzania: An environmental vehicle for resistance transmission to human and animals

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Abstract Background: Increase of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is becoming the global health concern since it reduces the effectiveness of antimicrobials and threatening the health of human and animals. Rodents and cockroaches can play a significant role in the dissemination of resistance bacteria between the environment and humans. This study aimed at determining antimicrobial resistance profile of enteric bacteria isolated from cockroaches and house rats. Methods: Cockroaches were manually trapped with surgical gloves and sealed in sterile plastic containers where by house rats were trapped with wire cages and transported to microbiology laboratory. Bacteria were isolated following standard Microbiological techniques and antimicrobial susceptibility testing was done using Kirby Bauer diffusion technique. Results: A total of 159 isolates of three targeted bacterial species were isolated from the gut of 114 house rats and 57 cockroaches. Among isolated bacteria only 83 were subjected to antimicrobial susceptibility test, among the tested antimicrobials; Amoxicillin, Ciprofloxacin and Tetracycline showed the highest resistance. Moreover Multidrug-resistance (MDR) was also observed for 66.3%. Conclusion: Therefore, necessary control measures need to be taken against the infestation of rodents and cockroaches around households so as to minimize transmission of pathogenic and resistance bacteria.

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