MicroRNAs as Diagnostic, Prognostic, and Therapeutic Biomarkers in Ameloblastoma: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Protocol v1

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Background:Ameloblastoma is the most common odontogenic tumor, characterized by locally aggressive behavior and high recurrence. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are emerging as key regulators of ameloblastoma pathogenesis, with several dysregulated miRNAs identified. However, no comprehensive synthesis exists. Objectives:To systematically review and meta-analyze miRNA expression and function in ameloblastoma, identifying consistently dysregulated miRNAs, evaluating diagnostic/prognostic utility, and mapping target pathways. Methods:This PROTOCOL-registered review follows PRISMA-P guidelines. We will search PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, Embase, Cochrane Library, Google Scholar, and Chinese databases (CNKI, Wanfang) from 2000 to present. Eligible studies include human ameloblastoma (any subtype) with miRNA expression or functional data compared to normal tissues or other odontogenic lesions. Observational, experimental, and diagnostic accuracy studies will be included. Two reviewers will independently screen, extract data, and assess risk of bias (Newcastle-Ottawa Scale, QUADAS-2, SYRCLE). A two-tiered synthesis will be used: meta-analysis for miRNAs with ≥3 homogeneous studies (random-effects models; SMD/MD; bivariate model for diagnostic accuracy), and structured narrative synthesis for remaining miRNAs. Heterogeneity will be assessed via I² and Cochran’s Q. Subgroup and sensitivity analyses will explore sources of heterogeneity. Publication bias will be assessed using funnel plots and Egger’s test. GRADE will evaluate evidence quality. Expected Results:We anticipate identifying a consensus miRNA signature, mapping target networks, and evaluating clinical utility as biomarkers. Conclusions:This review will provide the first comprehensive evidence synthesis on miRNAs in ameloblastoma, informing future research and precision medicine approaches

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