Energy in Development Objectives: How the Energy Ecological Footprint Affects Development Indicators?

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Abstract Access to affordable energy services remains a priority for eradicating poverty in developing countries. Energy services from conventional resources are necessary to power economic growth. However, they have a significant ecological footprint. In this study, we assess the impact of greenhouse gases (GHG) emitted by energy systems on some of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDG). The study explores the relationships between the carbon intensity of the energy sector, the energy intensity of the economy and the carbon intensity of the economic system. In a sample of African countries, we found a positive correlation between energy use per capita and greenhouse gas emissions per capita and per unit GDP (carbon intensity of the economy). However, the correlation is less conclusive between energy use per capita and GHG emissions and between energy use per capita and energy use per unit GDP (energy intensity of the economy). Our results support new perspectives on energy sustainability agendas that take into account the macroeconomic parameters of the Sustainable Development Goal number 7 (SDG-7).

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