Design of an Automated Neonatal Chest Compression Device to Aid in Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation

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Abstract This research work focuses on the design and development of a neonatal chest compression device to be used during surgical operations and critical situations requiring chest compressions in infants within hospital Neonatal Intensive Care Units (NICUs). The primary objective was to overcome the limitations associated with manual chest compressions in infants and enhance blood perfusion. The devised prototype incorporates a compressed air-actuated pneumatic cylinder positioned above the infant's chest, which is supplied with compressed air from a portable air compressor. The airflow is regulated by a three-way solenoid valve, and a microcontroller controls the compression process. The proposed method utilizes a combination of pneumatic compression and electrical components to achieve a target compression rate of 80-120 compressions per minute, exerting a force of 48-50 newtons. The compression depth, equal to one-third of the manikin's chest width, is achieved by carefully controlling the deactivation time of the solenoid coil to approximately 50 milliseconds. To facilitate user operation, a smartphone-based interface was developed using the blynk Internet of Things (IoT) software. Through extensive testing, the device demonstrated adherence to fundamental biological specifications for chest compression forces and rates. However, further research is required to ensure the mechanical integrity of materials and perform rigorous testing on a SimNewB or suitable biological substitute to implement crucial safety aspects.

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