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Human Capital and Gender Wage Inequality in Sub-Saharan Africa: Evidence from the Quantile Model with Smoothing Instrumental Variables

Article scientifique 2023 Anglais

Résumé

Abstract The objective of this study is to determine the conditional impact of human capital on gender wage inequality in sub-Saharan Africa. We use a sample of 30 countries between 1995 and 2015. Moreover, we consider the quantile model of instrumental variables of Chernozhukov and Hansen (2008); while using the Kaplan (2022) estimator. Next, human capital is measured by the Barro and Lee (2015) indicator, which determines the educational attainment of women aged 15–64. The estimates show that human capital reduces gender inequality in all quantiles in Sub-Saharan Africa (lower quantile 0.25; middle quantile 0.5 and upper quantile 0.75). Moreover, when analyzed by subregion, only the lower (0.25) and middle (0.5) quantiles in Central Africa show an increase in the gender wage gap. Furthermore, using the Peen World Table indicator as a measure of human capital, the results obtained confirm those obtained by Barro and Lee (2015). To check the robustness of our results, we used two-stage least squares estimation, two-stage generalized moments in system, and simultaneous quantile regression. The results are consistent with those obtained using the Kaplan quantile estimator (2022) for instrumental variable smoothing.

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Ntsama, S., Helgath, B. (2023). Human Capital and Gender Wage Inequality in Sub-Saharan Africa: Evidence from the Quantile Model with Smoothing Instrumental Variables. https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-3067368/v1

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Auteur(s)

Sabine Nadine Ekamena Ntsama Bybert Moudjare Helgath

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