Comparison of cardiovascular responses among physically active and sedentary students: A protocol for Quasi-experimental study of submaximal exercise on a bicycle ergometer in the Sahel region of Africa

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Abstract BackgroundThe rate at which the heart rate and blood pressure drop following a stimulus such as exercise or physical stress is a powerful and independent marker for determining the rate mortality from a cardiovascular disease. The purpose of this study will be to determine the heart rate and blood pressure drops of physically active and sedentary student following a sub-maximal exercise on a bicycle ergometer.ResultsThis quasi-experimental study will conveniently sample a total of 102 (Physically active n=51 & sedentary n=51) subjects of age 18-35. The study site shall be the physiotherapy gymnasium at the University of Maiduguri Teaching hospital. The level of physical activity will be measured using International Physical Activity questionnaire. Anthropometric variable such as height and weight will be assessed. Borge scale will be used to determine the Rate of Perceived Exertion. Data analysis will be done using SPSS version 20. Student –t-test, Analysis of Co-variance and descriptive statistic will be used to analyzed collected data at p<0.05. The heart rate and blood pressure at rest, peak intensity and post-exercise will be determined using a digital electronic device. The difference between the peak/resting heart rate and blood pressure will be recorded as rate of drops. Measurement will also be carried out at 1, 2-minutes after the first measurement up to 5 minutes after removing exercise stimulus.ConclusionHeart rate and blood pressure recovery are a useful clinical tool for diagnosis of cardiovascular diseases. Drops in heart rate less than 12 beat per minutes put a person at risk of developing a heart attack. It is not known whether the drops in heart rate of student in the Sahel region of Nigeria will be normal or abnormal. Since there are little studies on the recovery heart rate and blood pressure after removing a stimulus such as exercise. There is a need for more studies to help bridge the gap in literatures.

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