Effect of Sintering Temperature on the Interfacial Adhesion Strength and Corrosion Behavior of Hydroxyapatite Coatings on Mild Steel
Résumé
This study investigates the upcycling of fish scale waste into hydroxyapatite (HAp)-based coatings for sustainable corrosion protection of mild steel. Using locally available parrot fish scale as renewable raw material together with polyvinyl alcohol and tapioca starch as eco-friendly binders, the research promotes a circular economy strategy for developing sustainable alternative to conventional corrosion protection used in the construction industry. HAp powder was extracted through calcination and the steel specimens were dip coated and sintered at 100℃, 150℃ and 200℃. The HAp coated mild steels were placed in a salt spray test environment for 45 days to determine the corrosion rate by the weight loss method according to ASTM B117 and ISO 13779 standards. Statistical analysis revealed that the best corrosion resistance was achieved at a sintering temperature of 100℃, with a corrosion rate of approximately 0.1 mm per year over 45 days of exposure. In terms of coating adhesion, a sintering temperature of 200℃ yielded the highest performance, with a mean tensile adhesion strength of 3.85 MPa. These findings suggest that the adhesion properties of HAp coating are comparable to that of existing protective coatings, including the widely used red oxide primer (4.9 MPa). By transforming waste into a value-added protective material, this study provides a blueprint for industrial adaptation of biomaterial coatings in corrosion-prone environment. Nanoscale HAp particles can be explored in the sol-gel matrix to further enhance adhesion and flow properties for a uniform coating while minimizing the presence of air pockets between the substrates. The low-energy sintering requirement and the use of non-toxic renewable bio-materials make this coating highly scalable for large -scale steel production industries while reducing environmental risk associated with fish waste disposal and creating valuable product through effective waste management to recover useful resources.
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