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Epidemiology of first cases of SARS-CoV-2 infection, from March to April 2020 and molecular characterization of the spike protein, in Gabon

Article scientifique 2022 Anglais

Résumé

Background After the first cases of coronaviruses disease 2019 (COVID-19) in China in January 2020, the epidemic spread around the world. Few data are available from Central Africa. We conducted a study to monitor this emerging disease in Gabon, a Central Africa country. Methods In order to set up an epidemiological surveillance of COVID-19 in Gabon, we led molecular investigations on nasopharyngeal and oropharyngeal samples from the 1161 first suspected cases of COVID-19. A Reverse Ttranscriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-PCR) was performed using primers and probes targeted the E gene and polymerase gene according to the kit Tib-Molbiol. Results We diagnosed the first case of COVID-19 on March, 12 2020. Among those suspected cases, 83 were confirmed cases. There was no significant difference in prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 between age groups (p = 0.14). Seventy-three percent were asymptomatic. The viral loads were significantly higher in the nasopharyngeal samples than in the oropharyngeal samples (p=0.03). There was no significant difference in viral loads between age groups (p=0.9895) and no correlation between clinical symptoms and viral loads (p=0.06042). Conclusion In conclusion, this study provides the first molecular data from Gabon concerning the COVID-19 pandemic. The data showed that most of the infected people were asymptomatic. The viral load was higher in the nasopharyngeal samples.

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Lekana-Douki, S., N’dilimabaka, N., MBONGO-KAMA, E., Yattara, M., Ndong, A., Dikongo, A., Andeko, J., Minko, O., MAVOUNGOU, D., Diané, A., Mabika, A., Mebaley, T., Ndjangangoye, N., Mve-Ella, O., Kombila, L., Pambou, J., ONDO, J., Maganga, G., Lékana-Douki, J. (2022). Epidemiology of first cases of SARS-CoV-2 infection, from March to April 2020 and molecular characterization of the spike protein, in Gabon. https://doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.74378.1

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Auteur(s)

Sonia Etenna Lekana-Douki Nadine N’dilimabaka Elvire MBONGO-KAMA Marisca Kandet Yattara Armel Mintsa Ndong Audrey Michel Ngonga Dikongo Julia C. Andeko Ornella Zong Minko Danielle Styvie KOUMBA MAVOUNGOU Abdoulaye Diané Arsène Mabika Mabika Telstar Ndong Mebaley Nal Kennedy Ndjangangoye Octavie Banga Mve-Ella Linda Bohou Kombila Joa Braïthe Mangombi Pambou Jeordy Dimitri ENGONE ONDO Gaël Darren Maganga Jean-Bernard Lékana-Douki

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