Impact of an irrigation project on household well-being and food security in Benin

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Introduction This study fills a critical gap in the literature by providing evidence on the long-term effects of agricultural interventions on household well-being and food security. It focuses on the Projet de Développement des Périmètres Irrigués en Milieu Rural (PDPIM) in Benin. Methods The analysis draws on a sample of 447 farmers, including both beneficiaries and non-beneficiaries, and employs a Propensity Score Matching (PSM) approach to address selection bias and construct a credible counterfactual. Results The results show that participation in the PDPIM significantly improves household well-being, with an average increase of 4.62 points, and substantially reduces food insecurity among beneficiary households by 3.61 points compared to non-beneficiaries. These effects are primarily driven by enhanced production stability and improved income-generating opportunities associated with irrigation investments. Discussion The findings highlight the importance of integrated agricultural interventions and suggest that combining infrastructure development with farmer support, such as capacity building and access to finance, is critical to achieving sustained improvements in rural livelihoods.

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