Environmental Risk Assessment of Geochemical Composition and Spatial Dynamics in Sediments of Niger Delta Mangrove, Nigeria

Résumé

The geochemical evaluation of the mangrove environment in Niger Delta, Nigeria was carried out using trace and major element compositions of surface sediments, core sediments as well as Rhizophora racemosa sampled at Choba, Ogbogoro and Isaka.Fifteen surface sediment samples (Choba, n = 5; Ogbogoro, n = 5 and Isaka, n = 5) were collected.Six core sediment samples ranging from 31 -35 cm in depth were collected.Each of the core sediments was subdivided into five.This yielded thirty sub core samples thus: Choba, n = 10; Ogbogoro, n = 10 and Isaka, n =10.Also, the leaves, stems and roots of R. racemosa and A. germinans were collected and it gave a total of twenty seven samples (Choba, n = 9; Ogbogoro, n = 9 and Isaka, n = 9) and twelve samples (Ogbogoro, n = 3; Isaka, n = 9) respectively.The surface sediment, core sediment and R. racemosa samples were analysed using X-ray fluorescence (XRF).The XRF data of the surface sediments was used to evaluate their geochemical compositions, inter-element relationships and potential ecological impact.Results show that the highest mean concentrations in parts per million (ppm) of Pb, Zn, Cu, Ni, Cr, Y, Nb, Th and Sc in Choba sediments were 36.2,65.2, 19.6, 47.4, 121.6, 21.4,23.0, 13.8 and 16.8; As, V, Sr, Zr, TS and F in Ogbogoro sediments were 6.4, 192.3, 70.0, 273.4,14627.0 and 104.8 while Br, I and Cl in Isaka sediments were 27.4,41.4 and 4189.6,respectively.Box plots of the elements show contrasting concentrations in different sampling locations.Compared to the upper continental crust (UCC), As and Ni were higher in Choba, Ogbogoro and Isaka.The abundance of Pb was found to be higher in Choba and Ogbogoro.

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