PREVALENCE AND BACTERIAL ETIOLOGY OF MASTITIS IN SMALL RUMINANTS IN TORO LOCAL GOVERNMENT AREA, BAUCHI STATE OF NIGERIA

Résumé

A study was conducted at Toro Local Government Area of Bauchi State, north-eastern Nigeria to assess the prevalence of clinical and subclinical form of mastitis in lactating small ruminants -sheep and goat and identify causative agents. A total of 348 mammary gland secretion (milk) samples comprising 108 and 244 from sheep and goats, respectively, were screened for evidence of mastitis. The overall prevalence of subclinical mastitis was found to be 16.7% (18/108) and 24.6% (60/244) in sheep and goats, respectively. The overall prevalence of clinical mastitis was found to be 5.6% (6/108) and 5.7% (14/244) in sheep and goats, respectively. California mastitis test (CMT) positive milk samples were subjected to bacteriological examination and found to be that in both sheep and goats, the predominant organisms responsible for mastitis were Staphylococcus aureus, followed by Escherichia coli, Streptococcus spp. and coagulase negative Staphylococcus and the least isolated microorganisms of different species including Enterobacter cloacae, Klebsiella oxytoca, Klebsiella pneumonia, Morganella morganii, Salmonella typhimurium, Proteus vulgaris, Citrobacter freundii and Bacillus cereus. Therefore, it can be concluded that mastitis is an important disease affecting the productivity of small ruminants and quality of their product (especially milk) for their kids and consumers, hence measures need to be taken to control the disease.

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