Factors Associated With the Difference in Hiv/aids Prevalence Between Male and Female Adolescents and Young Adults in Uganda

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Abstract Background: The study was undertaken to identify factors associated with the difference in HIV/AIDS prevalence between Male and Female adolescents and young adults in Uganda. Identifying these factors, will help in designing appropriate HIV prevention strategies. Methods: The study used secondary data extracted from the Uganda AIDS Indicator Survey of 2011. Analysis of the data utilized a weighted total of 3068 females and 1887 males aged 15-24 years who were tested for HIV and have ever had sexual activities. A nonlinear logistic decomposition model was used to partition the contribution of each factor to the difference in HIV prevalence between female and male adolescents and young adults. Results: About 37% of the difference in HIV prevalence between male and female young adolescents and adults was due to a difference in composition (endowments) of covariates. Reducing the prevalence of sexually transmitted infections among females to same levels as for the male, the difference in HIV prevalence would be lowered by 9%. If the proportion of females whose age at sexual debut between 20-24 years is reduced to same levels as that of the males, the difference in HIV prevalence would be reduced by about 9%. Lowering the proportion of females who are widowed or separated to same levels as for the males, the difference in HIV prevalence would lower by about 8%.Conclusions: Difference in HIV/AIDS prevalence between female and male adolescents and young adults is associated with higher prevalence of sexually transmitted infections among females. Therefore, HIV prevention programmes should urgently be formulated aimed at the prevention of sexually transmitted infections among female adolescent and young adults. Programmes targeted at delaying sexual activities should be formulated aimed at curbing age at sexual debut among female adolescents and young adults.

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