Clinical Profiles, Risk Factors and In-hospital Outcomes of Stroke in the Medical Ward of Dessie Comprehensive Specialized Hospital, Northeast Ethiopia; A retrospective study

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Abstract Background: Stroke is undoubtedly becoming a worldwide public health problem. Stroke-related deaths are attributable to modifiable risk factors. In Ethiopia, a demographic shift increased the prevalence of stroke risk factors. Besides, there is limited critical information regarding stroke. Therefore, this study aimed to carefully assess clinical presentations, possible risk factors, and outcomes of stroke in the medical ward of Dessie comprehensive specialized hospital.Methods: A retrospective cross-sectional study design was properly employed among stroke patients. Medical records appropriately containing complete patient information and confirmed diagnosis of stroke using imaging techniques were included in the study. The necessary data were attentively entered into SPSS version 24.0 for comprehensive analysis. Results with P-value < 0.05 were considered statistically significant. Results: Most (51.9%) of the study participants were female. The average age of the patients was 59.2 ± 14.6 years. Many 163 (52.2%) of stroke patients lost sensation and developed weakness in their body parts. One hundred forty (44.9%) patients presented with hemiplegia/hemiparesis and 79 (25.3%) patients were unconscious. Hypertension 197 (63.1%), atrial fibrillation 47 (15.1%), chat chewing 46 (14.7%), and structural heart diseases 39 (12.5%) were the most traditional risk factors for stroke. The mortality rate of stroke was 21.8%, where 67 compliant patients conveniently died. Having a previous history of stroke, atrial fibrillation, and structural heart diseases was a predictor of risk factors for stroke-related mortality. Conclusion: Elders are more affected by stroke. Hypertension, atrial fibrillation, structural heart diseases, and family history of stroke are recognized risk factors for stroke. There is a high rate of stroke mortality in the hospital. Thus, establishing promotive, preventive, curative, and rehabilitative strategies are indispensable.

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