Prevalence and associated factors of frailty among community dweller older adults living in Gondar town, northwest, Ethiopia: A community based cross-sectional study.

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Abstract Background: Frailty is a multidimensional geriatric condition that increases vulnerability to stressors, increases the risk of negative health outcomes, and lowers quality of life in older people. However, little attention has been paid to frailty in developing countries, particularly in Ethiopia. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the prevalence and identify the contributing factors of frailty. Methods: A community-based cross-sectional study design was conducted from April to June 2022. A total of 607 study participants were included using a single cluster sampling technique. Data was collected by interviewing the participants using a structured questionnaire, and a pretest was conducted. Tilburg frailty indicator was used to measure frailty among older adults. Data was analyzed using descriptive statistics, binary and multivariate logistic. Variables with a P-value of less than 0.25 in the bivariate logistic regression were entered into a multivariable logistic regression model. Finally, variables with an odds ratio, a 95% confidence interval, and a P value less than 0.05 had a significant association were reported. Results: In this study the overall prevalence of frailty among older adults was 39% (CI 95%, 35.51-43.1). Older age (AOR=6.26 CI (3.41-11.48), presence of two or more morbidity (AOR = 6.05 CI (3.51-10.43), activity of daily life dependency (AOR = 4.12 CI (2.49-6.80), and depression (AOR = 2.68 CI (1.55-4.63) were found to be significant factors. Conclusion and recommendations: The prevalence of frailty was found to be remarkable, and we conclude that frailty should be recognized as a priority public health problem among older adults in the study area. Therefore, it is important to focus on educating the older adult population about healthy aging and orienting them on these modifiable risk factors should be considered to mitigate the problem.

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