Staphylococcus aureus associated with post-operative wound infections in Western Kenya reveals genomic hotspots for pathogen evolution

Résumé

Staphylococcus aureus is one of the most common pathogens associated with hospital infections. Although S. aureusinfections have been well studied in developed countries, far less is known about the biology of the pathogen in sub-Saharan Africa. Here, we report on the isolation, antibiotic resistance profiling, whole genome sequencing, and genome comparison of six multi-drug resistant isolates of S. aureus obtained from a referral hospital in Kakamega, western Kenya. Five of the six isolates contained a 20.7-kb circular plasmid carrying blaZ (associated with resistance to b-lactam antibiotics). These five strains all belonged to the same sequence type, ST152. Despite the similarity of the plasmid these isolates, whole genome sequencing revealed that the strains differed, depending on whether they were associated with hospital-acquired or community-acquired infections. The most striking difference was the larger number of horizontally-acquired genomic islands (GIs) in the nosocomial isolates. The data indicate that adaptation to the hospital environment may also be linked with mutations in the uvrAB genes.

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