Exploring Infant Feeding Practices and associated factors among HIV Positive Mothers Attending Early Infant Diagnosis Clinic in Northern Uganda.

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Abstract Background World Health Organisation recommends mothers with Human Immune Virus/Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome to exclusively breastfeed their infants for the first six months and there after introduce complimentary feeding up to one year. This study assessed the infant feeding practices and their determinants among HIV positive mothers with infants 0–12 months. Methodology: A cross sectional study design adopting qualitative and quantitative data collection procedures was used. Study was carried out from Awach Health Center IV in Gulu city, Uganda. We enrolled 108 participants who were HIV positive mothers with an infant from October to December 2021. It was simple random sampling for collecting quantitative data using an interviewer administered semi structured questionnaire. Two Focuss Group Discussions (FGDs) and 5 Key informants interviews (KII) were used to obtain qualitative data. Data was collected edited coded and entered into epi info. The data was analysed using SPSS version 22. Qualitative data was analysed using Atlas.ti software. Results Of the 108 mothers, 83/108 (77%) practiced exclusive breastfeeding, 25/108 (23%) mixed feeding. Qualitative results also showed that exclusive breastfeeding was the preferred choice. Of the respondents 104/108 (96.3%) believed HIV can be transmitted to their babies. Factors associated with infant feeding practices at multivariant level at 5% significance were age of the child (OR = 0.706, 95% CI: 0.2100.988), income level (OR = 1.296, 95% CI: 1.150-10.631), knowledge on Prevention of Mother to Child Transmission (OR = 16, 95% CI: 3.618–34.18), Early infant diagnosis clinic visits (OR = 0.118, 95% CI: 0.019–0.704) and the place of delivery (OR = 1.976, 95% CI: 1.295–13.233). Conclusion Majority of the mothers practiced Exclusive breastfeeding, although a high number still practice mixed feeding. Majority of mothers had good knowledge about prevention of mother to child transmission. The factors identified in our study that influence infant feeding practices were Early infant diagnosis clinic visits, age of the child, place of delivery, knowledge on Prevention of Mother to Child Transmission. Mothers should deliver from hospitals, more sensitizations for these mothers to appreciate the benefits of exclusive breastfeeding.

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